{
  "reviewDate": "2026-10-26",
  "snapshot": "1970-07-01",
  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
    "attribution": "CShapes 2.0 · Schvitz, Rüegger, Girardin, Cederman, Weidmann and Gleditsch (2022), ETH Zurich",
    "source": "https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027211013563"
  },
  "sourceArchive": "research/quiz-1970/cshapes_2_gw.topojson.xz",
  "originalArchiveUrl": "https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/cshapes_2.0.tar.gz",
  "sha256": "196c6d9d881cf944e176e4ce5bfc61074d21792de7152cb0a9e035e56b0297c8",
  "sourceFilter": "Inclusive start/end snapshot; status independent for question pool, dependencies retained as map background. Mirrors cshp.R.",
  "questionCountries": 135,
  "mapUnits": 160,
  "capitalCorrections": {
    "420": [
      "Bathurst",
      13.4531,
      -16.5775,
      "https://www.britannica.com/place/Banjul"
    ],
    "475": [
      "Lagos",
      6.455,
      3.384,
      "https://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/nigeria"
    ],
    "510": [
      "Dar es Salaam",
      -6.816,
      39.28,
      "https://journals.udsm.ac.tz/index.php/tz/article/view/3523"
    ],
    "553": [
      "Zomba",
      -15.385,
      35.318,
      "https://zombacitycouncil.mw/about-us/"
    ],
    "483": [
      "Fort-Lamy",
      12.1348,
      15.0557,
      "https://www.britannica.com/place/NDjamena"
    ],
    "411": [
      "Santa Isabel",
      3.7523,
      8.7742,
      "https://www.britannica.com/place/Malabo"
    ],
    "552": [
      "Salisbury",
      -17.8252,
      31.0335,
      "https://www.britannica.com/place/Harare"
    ]
  },
  "historicalNames": {
    "260": "West Germany",
    "265": "East Germany",
    "315": "Czechoslovakia",
    "345": "Yugoslavia",
    "365": "Soviet Union",
    "325": "Italy",
    "339": "Albania",
    "360": "Romania",
    "434": "Dahomey",
    "437": "Ivory Coast",
    "439": "Upper Volta",
    "490": "Democratic Republic of the Congo",
    "510": "Tanzania",
    "552": "Rhodesia",
    "572": "Swaziland",
    "580": "Malagasy Republic",
    "630": "Iran",
    "640": "Turkey",
    "651": "United Arab Republic (Egypt)",
    "678": "North Yemen",
    "680": "South Yemen",
    "698": "Muscat and Oman",
    "731": "North Korea",
    "732": "South Korea",
    "775": "Burma",
    "780": "Ceylon",
    "811": "Cambodia",
    "816": "North Vietnam",
    "817": "South Vietnam"
  },
  "limitations": "135 mapped independent states under the CShapes/Gleditsch-Ward coding, not an exhaustive list of all small states. Colonies, protectorates and mandates are background-only. Rhodesia follows the source de facto independence coding with an explicit recognition qualifier. Capital names and several later-capital fields are corrected for 1970. Borders are generalized political boundaries, not wartime control lines; omitted microstates and smaller territorial changes are source limitations."
}